Ep 1-1: 🦺🪖🥾🥽Drill & Blast in mining A blast in mining, more formally known as blasting or drilling and blasting, is the primary method used to break solid rock mass into manageable fragments so it can be excavated and transported for processing. It is a highly controlled and engineered process, fundamentally different from the uncontrolled explosion the word "blast" might imply. --- The Core Purpose of Blasting in Mining The main goal is to fragment the rock efficiently and safely to expose the valuable ore or mineral. Good blasting aims to: 1. Fragment the Rock: Break it into pieces of a size suitable for loading and hauling equipment (e.g., shovels and trucks). 2. Move the Rock (Muckpile Displacement): Throw the broken rock (the "muckpile") into a convenient position for excavation. 3. Control Ground Vibration: Minimize the seismic shockwaves that can damage nearby structures, pit walls, or underground workings. 4. Control Airblast and Flyrock: Prevent the shockwave in the air (airblast) and the projection of rock fragments (flyrock) beyond the blast area for safety. 5. Achieve Final Wall Control: In open pits, blasting must leave behind stable, competent pit walls. This is often achieved through specialized presplit blasting. Types of Blasts in Mining A· Production Blast: The standard blast used to break the main volume of rock for ore production. B· Presplit Blast: Done before production blasting. A single row of closely spaced, lightly charged holes is fired along the final designed wall of the pit. This creates a clean, pre-fractured plane that isolates the wall from the vibrations of future production blasts, resulting in a much more stable slope. C· Trim Blast / Cushion Blast: Similar to presplit, but used when the rock is less competent. It involves a buffer row of holes between the production blast and the final wall. D· Underground Blasts: Methods like "cut and fill" or "longhole stoping" involve drilling blastholes upwards or sideways into the ore body from development tunnels. Next Ep= 1-2 🦺🪖🥾🥽 Drill & Blast /end

Mine surveying involves the accurate measurement and mapping of mine workings, both on the surface and underground. It is a critical function that ensures safety, supports efficient operations, and ensures legal compliance throughout the mine lifecycle: from exploration and construction to production and final closure/reclamation. 🔍 Key Responsibilities & Functions 1. Exploration & Development · Staking Claims: Precisely demarcating the boundaries of mining leases and claims. · Topographic Mapping: Creating detailed maps of the land surface before any mining begins. · Drill Hole Location: Accurately positioning and surveying drill holes for resource estimation. 2. Operational & Production Phase · Volume Calculation (Volumetrics): Measuring stockpiles of ore and waste material to calculate volumes and tonnages. This is essential for production accounting and reconciliation. · Stakeout and Setout: Marking the location for new infrastructure, roads, ramps, and drill patterns on the ground. · Mine Planning Integration: Providing accurate data for the Mine Planning department to design pits, underground stopes, and waste dumps. 3. Safety & Monitoring · Stability Monitoring: Using specialized equipment to monitor highwalls, pit slopes, tailings dams workings for any movement or deformation that could lead to a collapse. · Avoiding Breaches: Ensuring mining does not accidentally breach into adjacent properties, old workings, or hazardous zones. · Volume of Blasts: Surveying blast holes and calculating the volume of rock to be blasted for precise explosive charging. 🛠️ Technologies Used in Mine Surveying Modern mine surveyors use a suite of advanced technologies: -GNSS (GPS) Provides real-time, highly accurate positioning for surface surveying, vehicle tracking, and machine guidance. -3D Laser Scanning (LiDAR) Creates millions of data points to generate a highly detailed "point cloud" of a pit, stockpile. Ideal for volume calculations and monitoring complex geometries. -Drones (UAVs) Equipped with cameras or LiDAR, drones can quickly and safely survey large or inaccessible areas like open pits, tailings dams, and stockpiles, generating orthomosaics and digital terrain models. -GIS (Geographic Info Systems) The platform for managing, analyzing, and visualizing all spatial data related to the mine site. -Survey & Monitoring Sensors Robotic total stations and radar systems for continuous, automated monitoring of critical slopes and structures. 📊 Deliverables of a Mine Surveyor The work of a mine surveyor results in critical documents and data: · Plans and Maps: Surface plan. · Volume Reports: Monthly reports on ore mined, waste moved, and stockpile inventories. · Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) & 3D Models: Digital representations of the mine's topography and geology. · Geodetic Control Network: A network of precisely located.

La dilution est le vol silencieux de la valeur du minerai dans l'exploitation minière. Comment les techniques de remblayage stratégique peuvent-elles lutter directement contre ce défi, en veillant à ce qu'une grande partie de ce que vous extrayez soit à la haute teneur? Partagez vos idées sur l'optimisation de l'extraction et la réduction des déchets.