Resource estimation is a crucial process in the mining industry, serving as the foundation for mine planning, design, and economic evaluation. It involves analyzing geological data to determine the quantity and quality of mineral resources present within a deposit. The process typically begins with geological modeling, followed by geostatistical analysis using techniques such as kriging, inverse distance weighting, and simulation methods. These tools allow geologists to predict grade distribution and spatial variability within the ore body. Accurate resource estimation reduces uncertainty, improves investment confidence, and ensures that extraction remains both technically feasible and economically viable. With the advent of machine learning and 3D modeling software, modern estimations are becoming more precise and dynamic. Ultimately, resource estimation bridges science and strategy turning geological observations into actionable insights that guide sustainable mineral development.